Hussein Kamil (in Arabic writing حسين كامل, in scientific transcription Ḥusayn Kāmil) was the Sultan of Egypt from 1914 until his death. He is a member of the Muhammad Ali dynasty, the son of Ismail Pasha. After the outbreak of the First World War, the British occupying the country put him on the throne, his nephew, II. instead of Abbas Hilmi. Hüseyin Kámil was the first ruler of his dynasty who did not officially act as a regent of the Ottoman Empire, but ruled a country independent of it and under a British protectorate. His father, Ismáíl Pasha (1830), who obtained the viceroyal throne in 1863 and was deposed in 1879 and forced into exile -1895), and his mother was his second wife, Dzánánjár Hánum (1827–1912). Huszajn Kámil was the second oldest son of his father, reaching adulthood. Two of his brothers also ascended the throne of Egypt: Muhammad Taufík (1852–1892) and Fuád (1868–1936). Hussein Kámil married twice: His first wife was Princess Ajn el-Hayat Hánum Effendi (1858–1910), his paternal uncle Ahmad Rifáat Pasha and He is the child of his second wife named Dilbar-Dzahán Hánum. His second wife was Sultan Malak (1869–1956), whom he chose as the daughter of the Circassian admiral Hasan Turhán Pasha. Prominent among his children are: Huszajn Kamál ed-Dín Pasha (1874–1932), prince, heir to the throne, art collector and explorer. Princess Kazima (1876–1921), Princess Kamila (1877–1895), Prince Sayf ad-Din (1878–1898), Prince Ahmad Kazim (1879–1884), Prince Yusuf Kamil (1880–1910). Hussein Kamil in 1917 He died and his resting place is in the Er-Rifái Mosque in Cairo. During the reign of Hussein Kamil, Egypt was a British protectorate, and although he was officially the head of the country, the real power was in the hands of the British military governor. Nevertheless, Huszajn Kámil took many important measures aimed at modernizing the country and promoting social reforms. These included steps taken to improve the education system, modernize the economic infrastructure, and increase agricultural production.

The 1914-1917 minting of Sultan Kámil Huszajn was a consequence of the financial crisis following the defeat of the Turkish Empire in the First World War. The war budget of the empire increased significantly, and due to the lack of public finances, the government was forced to choose monetary deterioration. In 1914, the Sultan established the State Mint, which until then was in the hands of private companies. Between 1914 and 1917, the state mint issued a large amount of paper money, which was exchanged for low-value coins. During the war years, the value of the Turkish lira rapidly decreased. The sultan's coinage caused significant damage to the Turkish economy. Due to the deterioration of the currency, it became difficult for the population to live, and the economic crisis contributed to the collapse of the empire. The value of the sultan's coinage is still disputed. According to some experts, the coinage contributed significantly to the collapse of the Turkish economy, while others believe that the currency deterioration was only a consequence of the defeat in the war and the economic crisis.